In the book "Knowledge and cities: approaches, experiences and perspectives" F. Carrillo describes sixty-five business initiatives for the creation of cities of knowledge worldwide. An example of city knowledge is Barcelona, ​​which received the largest Knowledge Metropolis award in 2009. Other cities with huge advances in urban, economic and social development achieved through cooperation with business with a focus on knowledge are Dublin, Manchester and Melbourne, and in 2015 and Vienna.

Sofia and is currently a distinct center of knowledge and innovation, both at national, regional and European level